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  • What is Double Marker Blood Test in Pregnancy?

    A double-marker blood test in pregnancy is a test that is often given to pregnant women to find any problems with the fetus’ chromosomes. In addition, this testing is very important for finding neurological disorders in the fetus, such as Down syndrome and Edwards syndrome. 

    Fetuses that are girls will have 22 pairs of XX chromosomes and fetuses that are boys will have 22 pairs of XY chromosomes.

    But if there are chromosomal problems in the fetus, they could lead to serious birth defects and health problems for the baby after birth. But these problems don’t happen very often.

    Women over 35 and those with a family history of birth defects or insulin-dependent type 1 diabetes are more likely to be told to get the double marker test while they are pregnant. The doctor checks the blood during the first three months of pregnancy, most of the time between the ninth and fourteenth week.

    Why is a Double Marker Test in Pregnancy Important?

    You don’t have to get the test, but if you are over 35 or if someone in your family has had a miscarriage or diabetes, your baby may be more likely to have chromosomal problems.

    It’s important to keep in mind that the result only shows if there is a high risk of trisomy. Not only that, but it doesn’t tell you if your child has any problems.

    How can Double Marker Blood Tests in Pregnancy Help?

    There are several ways to use the Double Marker Test, such as:

    • It helps figure out how likely it is that the unborn child will get a mental illness.
    • It’s mostly used to find people with Down syndrome.
    • The Double Marker Test may also find Trisomy 18, a genetic disorder that can lead to mental illness and serious birth defects.
    • It also helps find Trisomy 21.T, a genetic disorder that can lead to mental health problems, heart problems, and other diseases that affect important organs.

    What is the Double Marker Test Procedure

    The Double Marker test is a blood test that checks the levels of the pregnancy-related plasma protein (PAAP) and the human chorionic gonadotropin hormone (Beta hCG).

    Some important things to know about the testing process are:

    • Two hormones in a pregnant woman’s blood are looked at by the test to find out her risk of having a child with Down syndrome or other chromosomal problems.
    • A simple blood sample is taken, usually from the arm of the woman, for the test.
    • For more accurate results, wait until the 11th or 13th week of pregnancy. The test can be done as early as the 10th week of pregnancy.
    • After getting the blood sample, the test results are usually ready in a few days to a week.
    • If the results show a higher chance of chromosomal problems, you may be told to get more tests to be sure of the diagnosis.
    • The doctor or nurse will talk about the test results and any follow-up care that may be needed.
    • The test is generally safe and doesn’t hurt too much. The most common side effect is a little pain during the blood draw.

    How the Double Marker Test in Pregnancy is done  Step-by-Step

    You don’t have to take the double-mark test. In any case, it is suggested for pregnant women over 35 who have a high chromosomal challenge.

    The blood test is looked at, and an ultrasound test called a nuchal translucency (NT) scan is done. It checks the baby’s clear tissues behind the neck. The test is mostly about two things. Human chorionic gonadotrophin (free beta) and plasma protein A (PAPP-A) are signs of pregnancy.

    Free Beta HCG is a glycoprotein hormone made by the placenta while the woman is pregnant. People who have a lot of this hormone in their bodies are more likely to have Trisomy 18 and Down syndrome. 

    PAPP-A is an important plasma protein. A higher risk of Down syndrome is also linked to low levels of plasma protein.

    With the help of a blood test, the amounts of these parts in the blood will also help find out if the baby has problems with his or her brain or chromosomes.

    Besides the blood test, the doctor may also do an ultrasonography.

    Start Time of Double Marker Test in Pregnancy 

    During the first trimester or the start of the second trimester, the double marker test should be done. This is because blood was taken for the two-marker test. The test should happen between 11 and 14 weeks from now. 

    What Should You Expect After The Test?

    In pregnancy, the double marker test is just a blood test. Since you don’t have to fast for this test, you can eat and drink before it unless told otherwise.

    Based on the lab you choose for your test, the results may be different.

    What is the Double Marker Test Normal value? 

    The results of the Double Marker test can be put into two main groups: positive and negative. The results do not prove for sure that the baby has a problem. It only looks at how likely it is that the baby has the disease. The numbers are given in the form of ratios. 

    So a ratio of 1:10 to 1:250 will be considered Screen positive, which means there is a good chance the baby has the condition. Also, a ratio of 1:1000 means that the baby is Screen-negative, which means there is a very small chance that the baby has chromosomal or neurological problems.

    This test, however, is not enough to be sure that the baby has a problem. If the results are positive, the doctor may order more tests to be sure.

     What Should You Do If The Test Comes Back Positive?

    There are worse things in the world than having disabled babies. You should feel some worry if the test comes back positive. But it’s important to remember that this is not the end of the story after you’ve thought about the facts. Noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT), amniocentesis, or chorionic villous sampling are more conclusive but sometimes more invasive tests that may confirm your results. Some of these tests could hurt your pregnancy, but they give you clear answers.

    Since the double marker test is done early in your pregnancy, you will have enough time to make important decisions about other tests, medical treatments, and how to best handle your pregnancy and birth.

    Knowing your risk could also help you get ready for the possibility of having a baby with special needs and plan for how to help them. These kids may have normal lives like the rest of us, but they need a little extra help.

    Cost of a Double Marker Test for Pregnancy

    The test cost depends on the city, the quality of the test, and how many people can take it. This test is only available in certain places. The normal range is usually around 2,500 to 3,500 rupees.

    Few More Tests For Screening

    Genetic Test for Screening

    When looking for changes in the baby’s genes, a genetic screening test done before birth is very accurate. We do this because changes in genes can lead to genetic disorders or problems. Genetic tests can be done on pregnant women through the placenta or an amniocentesis, which uses amniotic fluid.

    Screening for maternal serum

    A double marker screening test and MSS both give the same result. A Neural Tube Defect (NTD) or Down Syndrome is also checked for.  Usually, it’s done in the first or early second trimester. 

    Screening in the first trimester

    This is yet another name for two Marker Screening.

    Test for Triple Markers During Pregnancy

    It checks for three things in the blood: alpha-fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin, and unconjugated estriol. The doctor can figure out if the child is more likely to have birth defects based on the results of the blood test. 

    Test with Four Markers

    Inhibin is a hormone that is released by the placenta. A quadruple marker test is like a triple test, but it also checks for Inhibin. Adding four hormones differs from the triple test, which only has three. The test is also meant to find out if the child has any birth defects. While it can be done at any time during the 22nd week of pregnancy, it is most often done between the 16th and 18th week. 

    Nt Scan

    The double marker blood test in pregnancy is like this scan. 

    Uterine Doppler scan

    The arteries in the uterus are checked for blood flow with this test. The baby’s blood flow can tell you if it will live to full term or not. The chances of getting pre-eclampsia (a high blood pressure condition in pregnancy) are also affected by the flow of blood vessels.

    Possible Risks Associated with Diagnostic Tests

    There are always some risks and limitations with screening tests, so it’s important to know that none of them give 100% accurate results. The most important things to think about are 

    Diagnostic tests can give false positives or negatives. False positives show there is a problem when there isn’t one, and false negatives show there is a problem when there is one.

    For both amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling, a needle is put into the uterus to get a sample for testing. The very small chance of miscarriage (less than 1%) is caused by harm to the placenta or an accident to the fetus during the procedure.

    At Ritu Fertility Centre, our experts use cutting-edge technology and equipment and offer full counseling and support to help patients make smart choices about their care. 

    Changes in Lifestyle that might Affect the Test Result

    Some changes and habits in daily life also have a big effect on the results of the double marker test. So, it’s important to know about these changes so you can take the right precautions.

    If a woman is pregnant and smokes, the amount of PAPP-A in her blood can drop. This could lead to a wrong test result, such as a false-positive result or the wrong interpretation of the test.

    Medications: Some medicines, like blood thinners or aspirin, can change the amounts of PAPP-A and β-hCG in the mother’s blood. Before the test, you should let your doctor know about any medicines you are taking.

    Weight of the Mother: The accuracy of the test results may be affected by the weight of the mother. Women who are overweight or obese might have lower levels of PAPP-A, which could lead to a false-positive result.

    Previous Problems During Pregnancy: Women who have had problems during pregnancy in the past, like a miscarriage or pre-eclampsia, may have different levels of PAPP-A, which can make the test results less accurate.

    Age: The test results may not be accurate if the mother is below a certain age. Many chromosomal problems can happen to women over the age of 35, which means that the test results might need to be interpreted differently.

    High levels of stress during pregnancy: It can also make it more likely that the test results will not be accurate. To lower your stress levels, it’s important to relax and take care of yourself.

    Telling your doctor about any changes in your lifestyle or other things that might affect the accuracy of your test results is a good way to make sure that the results are interpreted correctly and that you get the right follow-up care if you need it.

    Conclusion on Double Marker Blood Test in Pregnancy

    The double marker test is very important for making sure that pregnant women, especially those who are getting IVF treatment, are healthy. Expectant parents need to know about their baby’s health while they’re pregnant. To do this, doctors recommend several tests, such as the double marker test. The parents decide if their child should take the test, even though the results are only suggestions of possible chromosomal problems and not proof. 

    If you want to get pregnant or are already pregnant, it’s very important to put your health first and take care of any health problems you may have. This will help you have a safe pregnancy and a healthy baby. Our goal at Ritu Fertility is to help you along this journey and make it as great as it can be. Get in touch with us right away for help.

    Check out our blog on sleeping position after IVF: Best Sleeping Position After IVF

    FAQs Related Dual Marker Test

    1. Is there any risk of getting a double marker test while pregnant?

    There are no risks that come with the double marker test. Also, this is a normal blood test that doesn’t hurt you. But you should do what your doctor tells you and call them if you have any questions.

    1. Is it necessary to have a second test marker?

    You don’t have to. However, it is suggested that you check to see if the risk of chromosomal abnormalities is a possibility or a risk. 

    1. What if the Double Marker test doesn’t show anything?

    If the test results are negative, it’s not likely that your baby will have chromosomal or neurological problems.

    1. Is the test with two marks painful?

    It’s not painful to do the double marker test because only a small needle is used.

  • What Causes Breast Pain During Pregnancy?

    Being pregnant is an amazing journey, but it can also cause a lot of changes and pain in your body. Breast pain during pregnancy is something that a lot of women go through. Not only is it a normal part of pregnancy, but for some women, it can be very painful and even scary. Breast changes are a sign of pregnancy symptoms. This detailed guide will go into great detail about breast pain during pregnancy, including what causes it, what symptoms it can have, and the best ways to deal with and ease the pain. If you’re going to be a mom soon or are just interested in this subject, keep reading to learn useful things.

    How to Deal with Breast Pain During Pregnancy

    Breast pain in pregnancy, also called mastalgia, is very common and can happen at different stages of the pregnancy. It’s common for one or both breasts to feel uncomfortable, breast tenderness, or pain. If you’re pregnant and having breast pain, it’s important to know that it’s usually normal and will go away on its own.

    Things that can cause breast pain during pregnancy

    Breast pain during pregnancy can be caused by some things. These are some of the main reasons:

    Changes in Hormones: Changes in hormones, especially estrogen and progesterone, are very important. These changes in hormones get the breasts ready to make milk, which causes more blood to flow to them and makes them bigger.

    More blood flow: Your body gets ready to breastfeed by sending more blood to your breasts. This might make your breasts more sensitive and painful.

    Changes in Breast Tissue: Your breasts are going through big changes to get ready for breastfeeding. This includes the milk ducts getting bigger and the breast tissue getting bigger, both of which can make the breasts hurt.

    Emotional Factors: Anxiety and stress can make breast pain worse. It’s important to deal with stress by finding ways to relax and getting emotional support.

    How often does Breast Pain Start and Stop?

    Pain in the breasts during pregnancy can be different for each woman. Some people feel it as early pregnancy and through the pregnancy. For others, it might only happen in the later stages of pregnancy. Luckily, breast pain usually goes away after giving birth as your body gets used to breastfeeding.

    Different Kinds of Breast Pain During Pregnancy

    There are different ways that breast pain during pregnancy can show up:

    Cyclical Breast Pain: This kind of pain is like the tenderness in the breasts you feel before your period. There is a pattern to how it comes and goes.

    Pain That Doesn’t Cycle: Pain that doesn’t cycle is often described as a dull ache that doesn’t go away. It could just be in one spot or cover the whole breast.

    Breast Engorgement: Some women have painful breast engorgement after giving birth. This happens when the breasts have too much milk in them.

    How to Deal with Breast Pain: Advice for Moms-to-Be

    It can be hard to deal with breast pain during pregnancy, but here are some ways to feel better:

    Wear a supportive bra: Get a supportive bra that fits well and gives your growing breasts the support they need.

    Hot or Cold Compresses: Putting a hot or cold pack on your breasts can help ease the pain and shrink the lumps.

    Soft Massage: Massaging your breasts in a circle with light pressure can help blood flow and ease pain.

    Stay Hydrated: It’s very important to stay hydrated during pregnancy. It can help ease the pain in your breasts and keep your body working at its best.

    Help yourself deal with stress: To lower your stress levels, try deep breathing, meditation, or prenatal yoga.

    When You Should Go to the Doctor

    While breast pain during pregnancy is often a normal part of the body’s changes, there are some signs that you may want to see a doctor:

    Strong or long-lasting pain:

    It is very important to see a doctor if the breast pain lasts for a long time, is very bad, or comes with other symptoms.

    Lumps or changes in the feel of your breasts:

    A doctor should check out any new lumps or changes in the texture of the breast tissue right away.

    Feeling red or warm:

    If your breasts are red or warm, this could be a sign of an infection that needs to be treated right away.

    Charge at the Nipple:

    If you notice an odd nipple discharge, especially if it is bloody, you should tell a medical professional.

    Questions That Are Often Asked

    What should I do if I feel pain in my breasts while I’m pregnant?

    Most of the time, breast pain during pregnancy is normal and nothing to worry about. But if the pain is severe, lasts for a long time, or is accompanied by other symptoms, you should see a doctor.

    Is there a way to stop breast pain during pregnancy?

    Hormonal changes during pregnancy can cause breast pain, but wearing a supportive bra, staying hydrated, and dealing with stress can help make it less severe.

    Is it safe to take medicine for breast pain while pregnant?

    Before taking any medicine while you’re pregnant, you should talk to your doctor or nurse. If you need it, they can suggest safe options.

    Does breastfeeding make breast pain worse?

    At first, breastfeeding can make your breasts swell up, which can be uncomfortable. This pain should go away as your body gets used to breastfeeding, though.

    Are there any natural ways to treat breast pain during pregnancy?

    Yes, natural treatments like warm compresses, gentle massage, and deep breathing can help ease breast pain.

    When should I call a lactation consultant if I’m having pain in my breasts while breastfeeding?

    If you’re still having pain in your breasts while breastfeeding, talking to a lactation consultant can help you figure out how to do it right and fix any problems.

    In conclusion

    Even though breast pain during pregnancy is common, it can be controlled and eased with the right information and methods. Expectant mothers need to know what causes this pain, the different kinds, and how to deal with them. Keep in mind that your body is going through big changes to help you care for your growing baby. If you need assistance, we at Ritu IVF can help.

  • Ectopic Pregnancy Treatment, Symptoms, And Causes

    Ectopic Pregnancy Treatment, Symptoms, And Causes

    An ectopic pregnancy occurs when the fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, usually in the fallopian tubes. Tubal pregnancy—ectopic pregnancy—can be fatal and requires immediate medical intervention. Ectopic pregnancy treatment, its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and future reproductive impacts will be discussed in this article.

    Who Can Have an Ectopic Pregnancy?

    An ectopic pregnancy can happen to any sexually active woman of childbearing age. It may be more likely that the pregnancy will happen outside of your uterus. If you have pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), ectopic pregnancy, pelvic surgery, or fallopian tube blockage.

    Symptoms of an Ectopic Pregnancy?

    A tubal ectopic pregnancy is the most common type. This is when the fertilized egg implants in a fallopian tube. Ectopic pregnancies can happen in the cervix, the ovary, or the abdomen, but they happen less often.

    What Makes an Ectopic Pregnancy Happen?

    Several things can cause an ectopic pregnancy, such as

    Damaged Fallopian Tubes:

    Previous pelvic infections or procedures can scar the fallopian tubes. This makes it hard for the fertilized egg to reach the uterus.

    Unbalanced Hormones:

    This situation can make it hard for the fertilized egg to move through the fallopian tubes.

    Egg Not Developing Correctly:

    Eggs with unique shapes or structures may not travel down the fallopian tube.

    Risk Factors Of Ectopic Pregnancy

    • There is pain in the abdomen, usually on one side. It can be mild or severe.
    • Vaginal bleeding is usually more or less heavy than a period.
    • Shoulder pain is due to the blood from an ectopic pregnancy that bursts, irritating the diaphragm.
    • For those who are sick and throwing up, with or without stomach pain.
    • Feeling weak and dizzy because of internal bleeding if the ectopic pregnancy breaks.

    What effect does expectant management have on the future fertility of ectopic pregnancy treatment?

    Ectopic pregnancy might make it harder to get pregnant in the future. If an ectopic pregnancy treatment needs to remove one fallopian tube, natural pregnancy chances diminish.

    While some women who have had an ectopic pregnancy may not be able to get pregnant again, many of them can and do.

    How do I know if I have an ectopic pregnancy?

    A person’s medical history, a physical exam, and a hormone level test are all things doctors check to see if someone has an ectopic pregnancy. Ultrasound tests are also used to find the pregnancy and ensure it is in the right place.

    How is an Ectopic Pregnancy Treated?

    For an ectopic pregnancy, you can either take medicine to stop the embryo from growing or have surgery to remove the pregnancy. The treatment chosen depends on several things, such as the patient’s overall health and the size and location of the ectopic pregnancy.

    Conclusion On Ectopic Pregnancy Treatment

    A doctor needs to treat an ectopic pregnancy right away because it is a serious issue. For the person’s health and well-being, it is very important to know what causes it, what its symptoms are, and how to treat it properly. If you think you might have an ectopic pregnancy or are having symptoms that worry you, you should see a doctor right away.

    Frequently Asked Questions Related to Ectopic Pregnancy Treatment

    Ectopic pregnancies: may they be completed?

    No one can carry an ectopic pregnancy to term. The pregnancy is unviable and could kill the mother if not treated.

    Can a woman become fertile again after having an ectopic pregnancy?

    Many women can get pregnant again if the fallopian tube is partially healed or the pregnancy is treated early.

    Is it possible to avoid ectopic pregnancies?

    Ectopic pregnancies can’t be prevented. Reproductive health, pelvic infection treatment, and proper contraception can reduce the risk.

    Can I have a healthy baby again after having an ectopic pregnancy?

    Yes, a lot of women who have had an ectopic pregnancy can have healthy babies in the future. Fallopian tube damage and reproductive system health can affect pregnancy chances. It’s important to get personalized advice from a fertility Specialist.

  • What Causes Lower Abdominal Pain During Pregnancy?

    What Causes Lower Abdominal Pain During Pregnancy?

    A woman’s body goes through many changes during pregnancy, which is an amazing process. Along with happiness and excitement, it’s normal for women to feel some pain. lower abdominal pain during pregnancy is one of the most common reasons. Let’s read the complete article to learn everything about abdominal pain

    Common Causes of Lower Abdominal Pain During Pregnancy?

    1. Changes that happen during pregnancy

    Growth of the Uterus: As the uterus gets bigger to hold the growing baby, the muscles inside can get a little sore.

    Pain from Round Ligaments: When the round ligaments that support the uterus stretch. It can cause sharp, stabbing pains.

    2. Problems with the intestines (Constipation/Gas)

    Constipation: Slow digestion is a common issue due to hormonal changes in pregnancy. It can cause constipation and the pain that comes with it.

    Gas: Higher amounts of progesterone can cause more gas made. It can make you feel bloated and uncomfortable.

    3. Strain on a ligament

    Pelvic Girdle Pain (PGP): Changes in hormones can make the pelvic joints less stable. So, it can cause pain in the pelvic area or have ligament pain.

    4. Contractions of the Braxton Hicks

    Practice Contractions: The irregular uterine contractions make you feel tight and uncomfortable. But they are generally not painful.

    Miscarriage Makes Pain in Pregnancy

    1. An Abnormal Pregnancy

    Setting Up Outside the Uterus: If the fertilized egg sets up outside the uterus, usually in the fallopian tube, it can cause real stomach pain or cramps.

    2. Loss Of the Pregnancy

    Threatened Miscarriage: Pain and bleeding in the abdomen can be signs of a possible miscarriage.

    3. Giving Birth Early

    Contractions Before 37 Weeks: Lower abdominal pain that doesn’t go away and frequent contractions may be a sign of early labor.

    Signs of Need for Concern If High Stomach Pain

    1. Bleeding in the uterus

    Sign of Complications: If you have any vaginal blood during pregnancy, you should see a doctor right away.

    2. A lot of pain

    Pain Intensity Matters: If the pain is severe or lasts for a long time then get medical help. Maybe it is a fever or some other symptoms.

    Read to know: breast pain during pregnancy

    FAQs Related Abdominal Pain During Pregnancy:

    1. Is it normal to have lower abdominal pain while pregnant?

    Ans: Yes, it is normal to have mild lower abdominal pain because the uterus and tissues are changing.

    2. When is it time to worry about lower back pain?

    Ans: If there is severe pain, lasts for a long time, or comes with other signs that are worrying, like bleeding or fever.

    3. Can bloating and gas during pregnancy cause stomach pain?

    Ans: Yes, changes in hormones can cause more gas and bloating, which can be uncomfortable.

    4. What are Braxton Hicks contractions, and do they hurt?

    Braxton Hicks contractions are temporary contractions. It might be uncomfortable but isn’t painful most of the time. As soon as they hurt or happen continuously, you should see a doctor.

    5. What can I do to ease lower abdominal pain while I’m pregnant?

     Ans: · Rest: Take breaks and don’t stand for long periods.

    · Warm Compress: Putting a warm compress on your lower belly can help ease the pain.

    · Pelvic movements: Doing gentle pelvic tilts and movements your doctor tells you to do can help build muscle and ease pain.

    6. Does lower abdominal pain mean you’re going to be born early?

    Ans: Lower abdominal pain that won’t go away and frequent contractions may be signs of preterm labor. Get emergency help right away.

    Conclusion

    Lower abdominal pain during pregnancy is common. But it’s important to know the difference between regular discomfort and possible problems.

    Knowing what causes the symptoms, and recognizing them as signals of trouble. Then consulting a doctor as soon as possible can help the mother and baby have a healthy pregnancy.

    You should always talk to a Gynecologist to get advice that is specific to your needs.

  • Understanding Thyroid Levels in Pregnancy: The Impact on Maternal and Fetal Health

    Understanding Thyroid Levels in Pregnancy: The Impact on Maternal and Fetal Health

    During pregnancy, the importance of the thyroid gland, which already plays an important part in the regulation of a variety of activities throughout the body, is amplified. A pregnant woman’s thyroid function is an important component during pregnancy since it may affect the health of the growing baby as well as the mother’s health. In this article, we will investigate why it is so vital to have normal maternal thyroid level in pregnancy and talk about how thyroid abnormalities may impact both the mother’s health and the development of the baby.

    Thyroid Function Tests During Pregnancy

    As a result of its influence on both the mother’s health and the child’s growth and development, proper thyroid function is an essential component of pregnancy. The thyroid gland secretes hormones, some of which assist control of metabolism, the creation of energy, and other body functions as a whole. When thyroid disease during pregnancy starts, it might have far-reaching effects on the baby.

    Thyroid Function During Pregnancy Is Typically Normal for Women

    It is critical to ensure that your thyroid levels remain normal during your early pregnancy to have the best possible health. During pregnancy, the diagnosis and management of thyroid hormone between these reference ranges set by guidelines of the American Thyroid Association are:

    Women with TSH, or thyroid-stimulating hormone, should be between 0.1 and 2.5 mIU/L during the first trimester of pregnancy, and between 0.2 and 3.0 mIU/L during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy.

    Free T4 (Free Thyroxine) levels should be between 0.8 and 1.2 ng/dL during the first trimester, then between 0.5 and 1.0 ng/dL during the second and third trimesters.

    The Thyroid Level In Pregnancy

    During pregnancy, the thyroid stimulating hormone goes through several physiological shifts, which may result in changes to the levels of thyroid hormone. The increased need for thyroid hormones as well as the effect of other hormones generated during pregnancy are the causes of these alterations.

    In the third trimester of pregnancy, the thyroid level is measured

    During pregnancy, thyroid hormone levels will normally rise to accommodate the expanding nutritional requirements of both the mother and the developing baby. It is especially crucial to monitor thyroid function throughout the third trimester of pregnancy since this is such a vital period for the development of the brain of the fetus.

    Is There a Connection Between Hypothyroidism And Pregnancy?

    The state of a woman’s thyroid gland is very important to the likelihood of her becoming pregnant. The menstrual cycle may be thrown off by thyroid abnormalities such as hypothyroidism during pregnancy and hyperthyroidism, which can also have an effect on ovulation and raise the likelihood of reproductive problems. Those who try to conceive should keep their thyroid levels normal at all times.

    Ritu IVF Center is a Best Fertility Centre in Jaipur

    You must seek the advice of a professional if you have concerns about the influence that your thyroid hormone levels will have on your ability to conceive or carry a pregnancy. In addition to specializing in reproductive care, the Ritu IVF Center in Jaipur can provide complete assistance and treatment for thyroid-related disorders that may arise during pregnancy and postpartum.

    FAQs Regarding  TSH Level And Thyroid Disease

    1. What signs can indicate that there the thyroid dysfunction while a woman is pregnant?

    During pregnancy, thyroid abnormalities may cause a variety of symptoms, including but not limited to exhaustion, weight changes, changes in heart rate, mood swings, and issues regulating body temperature.

    1. What kinds of tests are performed to check the thyroid function during pregnancy?

    Blood tests are the standard method for assessing thyroid function. These blood tests commonly evaluate TSH reference and Free T4 levels. Regular monitoring of thyroid levels is necessary to ensure they remain within acceptable limits.

    1. What are the potential dangers to the unborn child if thyroid disorders go untreated throughout pregnancy?

    Untreated thyroid disorders during pregnancy may lead to difficulties such as premature birth, low birth weight, developmental abnormalities in the infant, and postpartum thyroid problems in the mother. Preterm birth is the premature delivery of a baby before 37 weeks of pregnancy.

    1. Are there any ways in which thyroid problems may be addressed during pregnancy?

    A healthcare expert can address thyroid problems during pregnancy. As part of the treatment, the patient may receive medication to manage their thyroid hormone levels.

    1. During pregnancy, how often should you check your thyroid levels?

    At the beginning of pregnancy, typically around the 16th to 18th week, and at least once during the third trimester, healthcare professionals should assess a woman’s thyroid levels. If you find any problems or if symptoms manifest, we recommend further testing.

    Conclusion

    During pregnancy, it is very important for both the mother and the growing fetus to ensure that their TSH levels are between 2.5.  Consistent monitoring, expert support, and personalized therapy can contribute to a healthy and successful pregnancy. If you are pregnant and have concerns about the health of your thyroid, you should speak with a healthcare professional or fertility expert, such as those found at Ritu IVF Fertility Center, for complete care and support during this time.

  • Recurrent Implantation Failure: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis

    Recurrent Implantation Failure: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis

    Recurrent Implantation Failure (RIF) is hard to deal with and can be very discouraging for couples going through IVF failure or other fertility methods. It happens when transferring more than one egg does not lead to a baby. This piece will talk about what causes recurrent implantation failure, diagnosis and treatment, systematic review, and meta-analysis to get past it. It will give people who are trying to get pregnant hope and direction.

    What does “Recurrent Implantation Failure” Mean?

    When at least three high-quality embryos have been transferred during repeated IVF cycle rounds and a clinical pregnancy rate has not been achieved, this is called recurrent implantation failure after in vitro. RIF patients who want to have a child may find this situation hard on their minds and bodies.

    Causes of Recurrent Implantation Failure

    Women with recurrent implantation failure have a low implantation success rate, and finding the root reasons is important for successful implantation.

    Endometriosis: Recurrent miscarriage can make the uterus environment worse, which can make it harder for a baby to implant. Taking care of your endometriosis before you try IVF might increase your chances of success.

    Uterine Abnormalities: Problems with the structure of the uterus, like tumors or polyps, can make it hard for the baby to grow. Some of these problems might need to be fixed with treatment options like surgery

    Immune System Effects:  If the immune system reacts too strongly, it may reject embryos. Therapies that change the immune system can be thought about.

    Genetic Problems: The genetic makeup of both partners can affect the survival of the baby. Preimplantation genetic testing, or PGT, can improve implantation and pregnancy rates.

    Thrombophilia: Women with recurrent problems with blood clotting can make it hard for blood to get to the uterus, which can make it hard for the baby to grow. People may receive blood-thinning medications.

    Treatment for Repeat Implantation Failure

    The treatment approach for RIF depends on its underlying cause. These are some common plans for patients with recurrent implantation failure:

    Making changes to your lifestyle: Living a healthy life with a balanced diet, regular exercise, and less stress can decrease your fertilization failure.

    Endometrial Receptivity Analysis (ERA): This test checks the lining of the uterus to find the best time to move the egg, which increases the chances of treatment of recurrent

    Hormonal Therapy: Treatments based on hormones can make the uterus more open, keep the period regular, and lower immune responses.

    Surgical Interventions: Fixing problems with the uterus through surgery, like hysteroscopy or myomectomy, can raise the chances of implantation.

    Immunomodulation: To keep the baby from being rejected, the immune system may need to be slowed down or changed.

    Genetic Screening: PGT can find embryos that have problems with their genes, making sure that only healthy embryos are transferred.

    Thrombophilia Management: If thrombophilia is a problem, medicines that thin the blood may be given.

    Success After Several Failed Embryo Implantations

    Embryo Implantation Failure does not mean you can’t have children. After dealing with the root reasons, many patients with rif can have healthy babies. It’s important to work closely with a fertility expert who can make a treatment plan just for you.

    Conclusion

    Unexplained Recurrent Failure after in vitro fertilization is a tough problem that can be solved on the way to having a child. Many couples can get over this problem and finally have the child they want if they fully understand what causes it and what treatments are available. If you’re dealing with RIF, talk to a fertility expert. They can help you through your journey and give you personalized care.

    FAQs Regarding Implantation Failure Patients

    1. What is the success rate of patients with repeated implantation failures?

    RIF doesn’t happen very often; only 5–10% of couples going through IVF get it. The frequency may change based on the person’s situation and the root reasons.

    2. Can I make changes to my habits that will help stop repeated unexplained implantation failure?

    Adopting a healthy lifestyle that includes a well-balanced diet, regular exercise, and ways to deal with stress can help with fertility and lower the risk of RIF.

    3. How many IVF attempts do you need to have before the implantation fails again?

    Most of the time, recurrent implantation failure and recurrent is identified after at least three IVF rounds with healthy egg transfers that don’t lead to a baby.

    4. Is it possible to treat women with repeated implantation failure?

    Of course, many couples with RIF can have healthy babies after getting the right evaluation and care.

    5. How does mental support role in implantation failure in IVF?

    During RIF treatment, mental support is very important because the process can be hard on the emotions. Fertility treatments can be stressful, but support groups, counseling, and being honest with your partner can help.

  • Gestational diabetes: Symptoms, Cause, Diagnosis, Treatment

    A positive indicator of diabetes mellitus is high blood sugar levels. One of the forms of diabetes that may develop during pregnancy is called gestational diabetes. This kind of diabetes is caused by shifts in hormone levels.

    Diabetes was not present in the bodies of women who developed gestational diabetes before they became pregnant.

    Symptoms Of Gestational Diabetes

    The following are some of the signs and symptoms that are related with gestational diabetes:

    • Urination that is both more frequent and intense
    • Dry mouth Exhaustion Increased thirst
    • Sickness and throwing up
    • Loss of weight while having an increased hunger
    • A vision that is hazy
    • Infections caused by yeast

    Despite this, many pregnant women with gestational diabetes do not experience any of the classic signs and symptoms of the condition. Because of this, it is advised that screening tests for the disorder be administered to all pregnant women.

    What Causes Gestational Diabetes and Its Risk Factors

    Like developing type 2 diabetes, maternal diabetes happens when the body can’t act properly to insulin. This is known as insulin resistance.

    When cells in the body don’t receive glucose properly, the simple sugar builds up in the bloodstream. This makes blood tests show that blood glucose levels are too high.

    Changes in hormones are the main cause of insulin resistance in pregnant women.

    Some chemicals in the placenta are to blame for gestational diabetes. “In people who are vulnerable, these can make insulin resistance worse.” No one knows for sure why some women can’t handle these hormones well and end up getting gestational diabetes.

    Among these chemicals are:

    • Hormones for growth
    • Cortisol is a stress chemical.
    • Having estrogen and progesterone
    • A hormone called human placental lactogen is made in the placenta and helps break down fat from the mother so that the baby can get energy.
    • Placental insulin is another hormone that stops insulin from working and comes from the placenta.

    During pregnancy, you may also have more diet, exercise less, and have bigger fat deposits, all of which can make insulin resistance worse.

    These changes make it possible for the growing baby to get more nutrients. In response, the woman’s body makes more insulin, but this extra insulin isn’t always enough to keep glucose levels normal, which can lead to type of diabetes.

    There are many things that can make a pregnant woman more likely to get gestational diabetes, such as

    Blood sugar that is high but not high enough to be called diabetes is called prediabetes.

    • A high blood pressure
    • Having a history of gestational diabetes yourself or in your family
    • A history of type 2 diabetes in the family
    • Having problems with your hormones, like polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS),
    • Having too much weight or being overweight during pregnancy being more than 25
    • Being from a Pacific Islander, American Indian, Asian, Hispanic, or African background
    • Giving birth to a baby that weighed at least 9 pounds or had a birth problem before
    • Having had a mysterious loss or miscarriage in the past

    Still, some women who don’t have any of these risk factors may still get gestational diabetes because they can’t handle the hormones that come from the placenta.

    Signs of Gestational Diabetes

    Between 24 and 28 weeks of pregnancy, if you’re not at a high risk for gestational diabetes, your doctor will check you for it. Women who are more likely to get gestational diabetes may be checked for it earlier, usually at their first pregnancy visit.

    Some tests that can find gestational diabetes are:

    Challenge Test for Glucose For this test, you will drink a glucose syrup solution and then check your blood sugar level an hour later. A blood sugar reading below 140 mg/dL, or 7.8 mmol/L, is usually thought to be normal. If your blood sugar level is 190 mg/dL or 10.6 mmol/L, you may have gestational diabetes.

    Tests to Check Glucose Again If the first glucose challenge test showed that your blood sugar level was higher than usual, you will need to do another one to find out if you have diabetes. The glucose solution in this test will be sweeter than the first one, and your blood will be checked every hour for three hours. These blood tests will tell you if you have gestational diabetes if two of them come back high.

    Gestational Diabetes: What to Expect

    Most of the time, gestational diabetes is short-term. For more than three-quarters of women who get it, their blood sugar levels return to normal after the pregnancy is over.

    However, women who have had diabetes are more likely to get it again during future pregnancies. They are also more likely to get type 2 diabetes later in life. Because of this, women who have had diabetes should keep getting their blood sugar levels checked, even after they are no longer pregnant.

    Duration Of Gestational Diabetes

    When diabetes shows up during pregnancy, it usually goes away right after giving birth, but this doesn’t always happen.

    If it is true gestational diabetes, it should go away right away after birth,  This is because the metabolic and hormonal changes during pregnancy cause insulin resistance. However, when telling a woman she has gestational diabetes while she is pregnant, it’s sometimes because she already had it before she got pregnant.”

    Pre- gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that starts before pregnancy. It includes type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes, as well as some less common types, like diabetes caused by medicine or diabetes caused by cystic fibrosis. Diabetes during pregnancy will not go away after giving birth.

    To find out if the woman had prenatal diabetes or pregestational diabetes,  a glucose test must be done at the postpartum visit. This lets your doctor check for insulin resistance and diabetes that starts before you get pregnant.

    Your doctor may talk to you about a treatment plan if you were diagnosed with pregestational diabetes while you were pregnant. This could mean making changes to your food and way of life, as well as called insulin or oral medicines.

    Medicines and Treatment For Gestational Diabetes

    People who have gestational diabetes can control it by closely watching their blood sugar, making changes to their lifestyle, and sometimes by taking medicine.

    Keep an eye on your low blood sugar. There may be times during the day when your doctor will tell you to check your blood sugar if you have gestational diabetes.

    The American Diabetes Association (ADA) tells pregnant women who test their blood sugar to aim for the following levels:

    • Less than 95 mg/dL before a meal
    • Less than 140 mg/dL an hour after a meal
    • 120 mg/dL or less two hours after a meal

    Eat well and stay healthy. It’s too bad that the risk of developing gestational diabetes won’t go away while the woman is still pregnant. All those metabolic changes that cause insulin resistance are still happening. However, diet alone can sometimes control it.

    Women should eat 30 to 40 percent carbohydrates and you should choose carbs that are digested more slowly and don’t cause blood sugar to rise too quickly. Most of these foods have a lot of fiber. You could eat whole wheat bread instead of white bread or whole fruit instead of fruit juice. You can find a qualified diabetes care and education specialist and a registered dietitian nutritionist through the Association of Diabetes Care and Education Specialists. These professionals can help you make a diet that is good for a healthy pregnancy.

    Do some movement. Talk to your doctor about how much and what kind of exercise is best for you while you’re pregnant. Fay usually tells all of her patients to work out for 30 minutes at least five days a week. She also says that going for a walk after meals can help lower blood sugar.

    Take your medicine. Changing the way you live might not always be enough to control if diagnosed with gestational diabetes. If blood sugar levels remain high even after changing the diet, doctors use insulin to treat gestational diabetes. “This is safe for pregnant women and reduces your risk.

    You will learn how to give yourself insulin shots with a small needle from your doctor. Some doctors might give you a different pill to swallow.

    How to Avoid Risk For Gestational Diabetes

    While there is no surefire way to avoid getting gestational diabetes, there are things you can do to make it less likely.

    Eating right and staying at a healthy weight before and during pregnancy, as well as getting more exercise, are the best ways to lower your risk of getting gestational diabetes

    If you want to have a better baby, you might want to lose this extra weight before you get pregnant.

    Fruits, veggies, and whole grains are all healthy foods that are low in fat and high in fiber. Every day, try to do some kind of mild exercise for at least 30 minutes. You can make changes to these healthy habits that will last and help you through your pregnancy.

    Although, women who are a healthy weight, work out, and eat well may still get diabetes sometimes. In these situations, it’s likely to happen because of how maternal chemicals work. Gestational diabetes is more likely to happen in women who have a first-degree cousin (like a mother or father) with diabetes. This suggests that genetics may also play a role.

    Complications Of Gestational Diabetes

    There are many problems that can happen for both the mother and the baby when a woman has diabetes. Some risks of gestational diabetes are:

    If you do not take good care of your Extra-Large Baby’s Diabetes, the baby’s blood sugar can rise, which can cause them to be “overfed” and grow extra-large. Fay says, “This can raise the risk of needing a cesarean delivery or shoulder dystocia during vaginal delivery. Shoulder dystocia occurs when the baby’s head delivers, but the shoulders become lodged behind the pubic bone. This can raise the risk of birth trauma.”

    Preeclampsia or high blood pressure: Gestational diabetes can make a woman more likely to get preeclampsia, a dangerous form of high blood pressure that can cause early delivery. It can also make the woman more likely to have seizures or a stroke during labor and delivery.

    Hypoglycemia means low blood sugar: People who have diabetes and take insulin can get too little sugar in their blood. This is a very bad illness that can even kill you if you don’t get help right away. Women who are pregnant can keep their blood sugar levels from dropping too low, which can be risky.

    Gestational diabetes can also lead to “a number of metabolic complications after delivery, such as low blood sugar for the baby, breathing problems, and neonatal jaundice.” There is a straight line between the mother’s blood sugar and the risk of these problems. This means that the higher the blood sugar, the higher the risk.

    FAQs Regarding Pregnancy with Type 2 Diabetes

    Does drinking plenty of water improve gestational diabetes?

    Hydration is good for everyone, especially gestational diabetics. Hydrating helps diabetic women avoid overeating, which is crucial to treating the illness.

    Women with gestational diabetes deliver early?

    Gestational diabetes may cause preterm birth. Most women with the disease have full-term pregnancies, however, problems may need early induction.

    Is nutrition responsible for gestational diabetes?

    Hormonal changes during pregnancy cause diabetes. When pregnant, eating more, exercising less, and having extra fat might cause insulin resistance.

  • What are Ovulation Days? Calculate Fertility Time with Ovulation Calculator

    What are Ovulation Days? Calculate Fertility Time with Ovulation Calculator

    Most people don’t know what is ovulation days. When an egg is fully grown, it leaves the ovary, moves down the fallopian tube, and is ready to be fertile. This is called ovulation. An egg will hatch inside one of your ovaries every month or so. The ovary lets go of the egg when it’s ready, and it goes into the fallopian tube on its way to the uterus and the waiting sperm. It has become thicker on the inside of the uterus to get ready for the fertilized egg.

    The uterus lining and blood will be shed if there is no conception. menstrual cycle happens when an unfertilized egg and the uterus wall fall out.

    Important Facts Regarding What is Ovulation Days

    • An egg has 12 to 24 hours to live after it leaves the ovary.
    • Most of the time, only one egg is released each time a woman ovulates.
    • Stress, sickness, or changes in the normal routine can all affect ovulation.
    • Light blood or spotting may happen to some women during ovulation.
    • It usually takes 6 to 12 days after ovulation for a fertilized egg to be implanted.

    Every woman is born with millions of eggs that are not fully developed yet. They are waiting for ovulation to start.

    • It is possible to have a menstrual cycle even if ovulation has not happened.
    • Even if you haven’t had your menstrual cycle yet, ovulation can still happen.
    • Middle pain” is the name for the pain some women feel near their ovaries when they ovulate.
    • If an egg doesn’t get fertilized, it breaks down and is taken up by the lining of the uterus.

    How to Keep Track of Your Time Of Ovulation

    A woman’s monthly cycle runs from the first day of her period to the first day of her next period. The standard length of a woman’s cycle is between 28 days and 32 days, but some women may have cycles that are much shorter or much longer. You can start figuring out ovulation on the first day of your last menstrual cycle (LMP) or 12 to 16 days before your next period is due. From the first day of the LMP, most women ovulate between Day 11 and Day 21 of their cycle.

    Many people call this part of a woman’s cycle the “fertile time or fertile window” because having sex during this time makes it more likely that she will get pregnant. Ovulation can happen at different times during a cycle, and it might happen on a different day every month. It is important to keep track of your cycle, and luckily, there are a lot of free fertility charting tools that can help women find their most fertile days.

    The Two Parts of the Ovulation Cycle

    The follicular phase is the name for the first part of the cycle. This phase starts on the first day of the last menstrual period (LMP) and lasts until the egg is released.

    This first part of the cycle length can last anywhere from 7 to 35 days – to 40 days, depending on the woman.

    This part of the cycle lasts from the day of ovulation until the next period starts. It is called the luteal phase. There is a more accurate timetable for the luteal phase, which usually starts 12 to 16 days after ovulation.

    This means that the day you ovulate will tell you how long your cycle is. This also means that things outside of your control, like worry, illness, or changes to your normal routine, can throw off your cycle and cause your period to come at a different time. That old idea that worry can make your period worse is only half true. Your ovulation can be affected by stress, which affects when your period will come. However, if you’re stressed around the time of your period, it won’t come later because the date was already set 12 to 16 days earlier!

    One way to keep track of when ovulation happens is to use a basal temperature and pay attention to changes in the cervical mucus. The fluid in the cervix will change into something wet and slippery that looks like “egg whites” right before and during ovulation. A basal thermometer helps you keep track of a rise in body temperature, which means that ovulation has just happened.

    Egg and pregnancy testers are two more ways to keep track of your cycle. By keeping track, a woman can get a better idea of when she can get pregnant and when she can’t during her monthly cycle. There is nothing you can do to improve your chances of getting pregnant after ovulation. The next thing you should do is start looking for signs of an early pregnancy. You can look at and print out an ovulation calendar to help you understand your pattern better.

    From Your Period to Ovulation (the details you might not know!)

    When your period starts, your estrogen levels are low. It is your hypothalamus’s job to keep your hormone levels in check. It sends a message to your pituitary gland, which delivers the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Some of your follicles will turn into developed eggs when this FSH is released. One of these will grow into the main follicle and release a developed egg. The other follicles will break apart.

    The follicles release one more hormone, estrogen, as they grow up. Because there is a lot of estrogen, the brain and pituitary gland will know that there is a developed egg. Then, a luteinizing hormone (LH) is produced. This is called an LH spike. In 24 to 36 hours, the LH increase makes the egg break through the ovary wall and start its trip down the fallopian tube to be fertilized. Ovulation Predictor Kits (OPKs) find this LH spike and use it to work. The corpus luteum is the name of the cell from which the egg was released. It will release progesterone, which helps the lining of the uterus get thicker and ready for implantation. During the luteal part of your cycle, which lasts for 12 to 16 days, the corpus luteum makes progesterone.

    The corpus luteum continues to make progesterone for a growing pregnancy until the placenta takes over if sperm fertilizes the egg. You can start looking for signs of pregnancy up to a week after sperm fertilizes the egg. You can also use an Early Detection Pregnancy Test up to 7–10 days after your ovulation date to check for pregnancy.

    If sperm does not fertilize the egg, the egg breaks down after 24 hours. Your hormone levels will drop at this point, and about 12 to 16 days after ovulation, the lining of your uterus will start to shed. This is your period of bleeding, and we’re back to day 1 of your cycle. After that, the trip starts all over again.

    Knowing when a woman ovulates is one of the most important things she should know about her body because it affects her ability to get pregnant or not get pregnant.

    FAQs Regarding Signs of Ovulation

    Your ovulation period is how long?

    Ovulation symptoms may continue five days before, one day after, and two days following for many women. The absence of indications of ovulation doesn’t indicate you’re not ovulating.

    Your ovulation period is how long?

    Ovulation symptoms may continue five days before, one day after, and two days following for many women. The absence of indications of ovulation doesn’t indicate you’re not ovulating.

    Is Ovulate without a period possible?

    How irregular periods affect ovulation and fertility. Despite their association, ovulation may occur without menstruation. Women with irregular periods commonly experience this. Alternatively, monthly bleeding without ovulation is conceivable.